Grammar untuk TOEFL

Conditional Sentences (kalimat pengandaian)

Yaitu kalimat yang menjelaskan suatu pengharapan, terdiri atas main clause dan if clause.

Terdapat 3 jenis conditional sentences yaitu :

1.      Type 1 => future real condition

Menunjukkan suatu kejadian yang mungkin terjadi dimasa yang akan datang.

Rumus :

IF + Subject Present + Subject + Future Tense

            contoh :

Ø  If I have money, I will go to London (jika saya punya uang, saya akan pergi ke London)

Ø  If you change your bad manner, he will love you (jika kamu merubah kebiasaan burukmu, dia akan mencintaimu)

Ø  If she comes here, I will go to with her (jika dia datang kesini, saya akan pergi sama dia)

*kunci type 1 yaitu if simple present… will

2.      Type 2 => present-unreal conditional

Menunjukkan suatu kejadian/peristiwa khayalan/tidak nyata terjadi

IF + Subject + Simple Past + Subject + Would + Verb 1

Contoh :

Ø  If she were a moon, he would be a star (jika dia (perempuan) menjadi bintang, dia (laki-laki) akan menjadi bintang)

Ø  If I had money, I would go to  a super show concert (jika aku punya uang, aku akan pergi ke konser super show)

Ø  If I had wings, I would fly around the world ( jika aku punya sayap, aku akan terbang keliling dunia)

*kunci type 2 yaitu past tense (pake verb 2)… would

3.      Type 3 => past-unreal conditional

Suatu kejadian yang bertolak belakang dimasa lalu tidak mungkin terwujud karena hanya khayalan/angan-angan.

Rumus :

Subject +Past perfect + Subject +Would/Could + Have + Verb 3

Contoh :

Ø  If he had studied English, he could have gotten a good job (jika dia dapat belajar b.inggris, dia akan dapat pekerjaan yang bagus)

Ø  If I had lived in japan, I would have studied hard

Ø  If we had been thirsty, we would have drink some water

 *kunci type 3 yaitu if+subject+had+been+object…subject+would/could+have+verb 3

atau

if+subject+had+verb 3+object…subject+would/could+have+verb 3